辛伐他汀与Pravachol

Zocor(simvastatin) andPravachol(pravastatin) are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ("他汀类药物") that lowerlipidsandcholesterollevels used in conjunction with lifestyle changes such as a low-fat, low cholesterol diet, and exercise to reduce the chances ofcardiovascular diseaseand ischemic strokes in patients with elevated lipids and cholesterol.

Zocor is also used to treat heterozygousfamilial hypercholesterolemia(HeFH) in adolescents (males and females that are one-year postmenarche, 10 to 17 years old).

辛伐他汀的副作用和simil)ar include nausea, diarrhea, headache, muscle pain, and skin rash.

Side effects of Zocor that are different from Pravachol includeheartburn, gas, bloating, stomach pain, indigestion, constipation, joint pain, sleep problems (insomnia), mild memory problems or confusion, or cold symptoms such asstuffy nose, sneezing, orsore throat.

Side effects of Pravachol that are different from Zocor include vomiting, dizziness, and abnormal liver tests.

Both Zocor and Pravachol may interact with alcohol,grapefruitand grapefruit juice,colchicine, medicines that containniacin和非诺贝酸或fenofibrate.

Zocor may also interact withdigoxin, digitalis, blood thinners, antifungals, drugs that weaken yourimmune system(such as steroids, cancer medicine, or medicines used to prevent organ transplant rejection), or other "statin" medications.

Pravachol may also interact with cholestyramine or colestipol, nicotinic acid,gemfibrozil,cyclosporine, and antibiotics.

Common side effects of Zocor include:

• heartburn,
• gas,
• bloating,
• stomach pain,
• indigestion,
• nausea,
• constipation,
• diarrhea,
• headache,
• joint pain,
• muscle pain,
• skin rash,
• sleep problems (insomnia),
• mild memory problems or confusion, or
• cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, sneezing, orsorethroat.

Common side effects of Pravachol include:

• muscle tenderness or weakness,
• fever,
• tiredness,
• jaundice(yellowing of skin or eyes),
• chest pain,
• dark urine,
• weight loss,
• confusion,
• memory problems,
• increased thirst, or
• clay-colored stools.

Zocor (simvastatin) is a statin that lowers lipids and cholesterol levels used in conjunction with lifestyle changes such as a low-fat, low cholesterol diet, and exercise to reduce the chances ofcardiovasculardisease and ischemic strokes in patients with elevated lipids and cholesterol. Zocor is also used to treat heterozygousfamilialhypercholesterolemia(HeFH) in adolescents (males and females that are one-year post menarche, 10 to 17 years old). Zocor is available ingenericform.

Pravachol (pravastatin) is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, also called a "statin," used to lower blood cholesterol and reduce the risk ofheart attack,strokeand death due to arterioscleroticvasculardisease. Pravachol is available as a generic. Common side effects of Pravachol include headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle pain, skin rash, dizziness, and abnormal liver tests.

Tell your doctor about all other medications you use.Certain other drugs can increase your risk of serious muscle problems, and it is very important that your doctor knows if you are using any of them:

• amiodarone(Cordarone,Pacerone);
• colchicine (Colcrys);
• danazol(Danocrine);
• diltiazem (Cardizem,Cartia, Dilacor, Diltia, Diltzac, Taztia,Tiazac) orverapamil(Calan, Covera,Isoptin,Verelan);
• gemfibrozil (Lopid), fenofibric acid (Fibricor,Trilipix), or fenofibrate (Antara,Fenoglide,Lipofen, Lofibra,Tricor,Triglide);
• ranolazine (Ranexa);
• medicines that contain niacin (Advicor,Niaspan,Niacor,Simcor, Slo-Niacin, and others); or
• drugs that weaken your immune system, such as steroids, cancer medicine, or medicines used to prevent organ transplant rejection, such as sirolimus (Rapamune) or tacrolimus (Prograf).

Also tell your doctor if you use:

• cimetidine(Tagamet);
• a blood thinner such aswarfarin(Coumadin,Jantoven);
• spironolactone(Aldactone,Aldactazide); or
• any other "statin" medication such asatorvastatin(Lipitor,Caduet), fluvastatin (Lescol),lovastatinand niacin (Advicor), pravastatin (Pravachol),rosuvastatin(Crestor), or simvastatin (Zocor, Simcor,Vytorin).

This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with lovastatin. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

Drug interactions include cholestyramine, nicotinic acid, gemfibrozil, cholchicine and cyclosporine. Pravachol (pravastatin) should not be used during pregnancy. Breastfeeding mothers also should not use this drug because of the potential risk to nursing infants.

The usual dosage range is 5 to 40 mg/day. In patients withCHDor at high risk of CHD, ZOCOR can be started simultaneously with diet. The recommended usual starting dose is 10 or 20 mg once a day in the evening. For patients at high risk for a CHD event due to existing CHD,diabetes, peripheral vessel disease, history of stroke or othercerebrovasculardisease, the recommended starting dose is 40 mg/day.Lipiddeterminations should be performed after 4 weeks of therapy and periodically thereafter.

Restricted Dosing For 80 mg

Due to the increased risk ofmyopathy, includingrhabdomyolysis, particularly during the first year of treatment, use of the 80-mg dose of ZOCOR should be restricted to patients who have been taking simvastatin 80 mg chronically (e.g., for 12 months or more) without evidence of muscle toxicity .

Patients who are currently tolerating the 80-mg dose of ZOCOR who need to be initiated on an interacting drug that is contraindicated or is associated with a dose cap for simvastatin should be switched to an alternative statin with less potential for the drug-drug interaction.

Due to the increased risk of myopathy, including rhabdomyolysis, associated with the 80-mg dose of ZOCOR, patients unable to achieve theirLDL-C goal utilizing the 40-mg dose of ZOCOR should not be titrated to the 80-mg dose, but should be placed on alternative LDL-C-lowering treatment(s) that provides greater LDL-C lowering.

The usual dose of Pravachol (pravastatin) ranges from 10 mg to 80 mg daily.