The main cause ofscarlet feveris an infection with group A streptococci (group A strep) bacteria. While infecting a body site, it can produce an erythrogenic (producing a red-colored) toxin. This toxin is responsible for causing the sandpaper-like red-colored skinrashandfever:
- The bacteria usually infect the throat (‘strep throat’) or skin (‘school sores’). The bacteria then release toxins that cause swelling of the skin and lead to the development of therash.
- This bacterium is usually found in the saliva andmucusof an infected person. When theycough, sneeze or talk, small droplets containing the bacteria are spread through the air and maybe breathed in by nearby people. It may also follow a respiratory tract infection.
- Scarletfevercan also be linked toburnsor wounds that become infected.
- Only a very small number of people infected with group Astrepwill developscarlet fever.
- If an individual develops scarlet fever, it usually takes 2-5 days for the symptoms to start after you get infected.
- The infection is often passed between classmates at school or family members who are in close contact with each other. It's most often spread by contact with the droplets emitted when an infected personcoughsor sneezes. It can even be spread if a person touches something like a plate or glass on which these droplets have landed.
What is scarlet fever?
Scarlet fever is a bacterial infection. The distinctive feature of scarlet fever is asore throatfollowed by a rash made up of tiny pinkish-red spots that cover the whole body. Scarlet fever occurs mostly in children aged 4-8 years. By 10 years old, up to 80% of children may have developed lifelong protective antibodies against bacterial toxins. The symptoms include:
- Asore throatthat may have white or yellow patches
- Fever of 101 degrees Fahrenheit or higher, often withchills
- A whitish coating on the surface of the tongue. The tongue may look like a strawberry.
- A rash first appearing as tiny redbumpson the chest and abdomen. The rash may then spread over the body, lasting about two to five days. After the rash, often the skin on the tips of the fingers and toes will peel.
- Flushed face with a pale area around the lips.
- Swollen glands in the neck.
- Weakness
- Headache
What are the common treatment options for scarlet fever?
As scarlet fever is caused by bacteria, once the infection is confirmed, a course of antibiotics may be prescribed, usuallypenicillin, for up to 10 days. In some situations, a single dose of penicillin may be given by intramuscular injection. Patientsallergicto penicillin may be treated with an alternative antibiotic, such aserythromycin. The patients must be instructed to complete the course of antibiotics irrespective of the healing of symptoms. Hygiene practices like hand wash, using separate towels, and sheets must be stressed upon.
Other common treatments include:
- Paracetamol when necessary for fever,headache, or throatpain.
- Eating soft foods and drinking plenty of cool liquids, particularly if the throat is very painful.
- Oralantihistaminesand emollients to relieve theitchof rash.
- Fingernails may be required to be short on young children to prevent them from damaging the skin due toitching.
- The fever usually improves within 12-24 hours after starting antibiotics and most patients recover after 4-5 days with the clearing of skin symptoms over several weeks.
However, if left untreated, scarlet fever can lead to kidney diseases,ear infections,pneumonia, andarthritis. It is very important that you complete the entire antibiotic course.
When and for how long is a person able to spread the scarlet disease?
SLIDESHOW
The 14 Most Common Causes of FatigueSee Slideshow顶级猩红热的主要原因是什么?遗传代数ed Articles
artesunate
Artesunate is a medication administered intravenously to treat serious malaria, a disease with high fevers, shaking chills, and flu-like illness, in adults and children. Common side effects of artesunate in patients with severe malaria include low red blood cell count (anemia), low platelet count (thrombocytopenia), high count of leukocyte immune cells (leukocytosis), low count of neutrophil immune cells (neutropenia), low count of lymphocyte immune cells (lymphopenia), elevation of liver enzymes (transaminases), high bilirubin levels in blood (hyperbilirubinemia), jaundice, acute renal failure requiring dialysis, and others. Consult your doctor if pregnant or breastfeeding.
Can Scarlet Fever Cause Rheumatic Fever?
What are scarlet fever and rheumatic fever? Learn the signs of these fevers, whether they are related, and how to treat them.
Cold, Fever and Flu Symptoms in Children: Medications and Home Remedies
How long does a cold last? How long is a cold contagious? Colds and fevers are some of the most common ailments in children. Learn common cold symptoms, treatment options, over the counter (OTC) medicines for cold and fever, home remedies, and how to relieve a sore throat.
Common Medical Abbreviations & Terms
Doctors, pharmacists, and other health-care professionals use abbreviations, acronyms, and other terminology for instructions and information in regard to a patient's health condition, prescription drugs they are to take, or medical procedures that have been ordered. There is no approved this list of common medical abbreviations, acronyms, and terminology used by doctors and other health- care professionals. You can use this list of medical abbreviations and acronyms written by our doctors the next time you can't understand what is on your prescription package, blood test results, or medical procedure orders. Examples include:
- ANED: Alive no evidence of disease. The patient arrived in the ER alive with no evidence of disease.
- ARF: Acute renal (kidney) failure
- cap: Capsule.
- CPAP: Continuous positive airway pressure. A treatment for sleep apnea.
- DJD: Degenerative joint disease. Another term for osteoarthritis.
- DM: Diabetes mellitus. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes
- HA: Headache
- IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease. A name for two disorders of the gastrointestinal (BI) tract, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
- JT: Joint
- N/V: Nausea or vomiting.
- p.o.: By mouth. From the Latin terminology per os.
- q.i.d.: Four times daily. As in taking a medicine four times daily.
- RA: Rheumatoid arthritis
- SOB: Shortness of breath.
- T: Temperature. Temperature is recorded as part of the physical examination. It is one of the "vital signs."
Is Scarlet Fever Contagious?
Scarlet fever is contagious when caused by a certain Group A strep bacteria strain. Scarlet fever can be transmitted via person-to-person contact and by coming in contact with contaminated objects. Treatment includes antibiotics. Scarlet fever symptoms include a red rash, fever, a red, sore throat, strawberry tongue, and others.
Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina)
猩红热,gro引起的细菌感染up AStreptococcusbacteria, causes symptoms and signs such as fever, rash with a sandpaper-like texture, and sore throat. Oral penicillin is the standard treatment for scarlet fever, or scarlatina.
Scarlet Fever Picture
A skin condition that is due to a streptococcal sore throat or any other streptococcal infection. The group A streptococcal bacteria produce a toxin that causes a scarlet rash that initially appears on the neck and chest, then spreads over the body, and lasts around 3 days. As the rash fades, desquamation (peeling) may occur around the fingertips, toes, and groin area. Scarlet fever is usually not a serious illness when treated promptly with antibiotics such as penicillin. However, untreated streptococcal infection can cause kidney inflammation (glomerulonephritis) and rheumatic fever. Also known as scarlatina. Shown is desquamation of skin from hands: a symptom of scarlet fever. Desquamation also called skin peeling, is the shedding of the outermost membrane or layer of a tissue, such as the skin.海藻糖酶tment of Scarlet Fever
The main goal of treating scarlet fever is to relieve the fever and itching as it causes discomfort to the patient’s. The treatment goal also includes reducing the spread of the disease.What Causes Scarlet Fever and What Are the Long-Term Effects?
Scarlet fever is a bacterial infection that causes a red rash. Learn more about scarlet fever, symptoms of scarlet fever, how doctors diagnose scarlet fever, and long-term effects of scarlet fever.