What Happens if the Corpus Callosum Is Damaged?

Children with corpus callosum diseases have a wide range of learning disabilities and limitations. Severity depends on the number of structural issues in the brain and the existence of additional syndromes. Some kids have minor learning difficulties, whereas others have significant intellectual impairment. Impaired cognitive abilities are frequently accompanied by other developmental disabilities.

The more abnormalities a child has with their brain structure, the more likely they are to have delayed speech, motor skills, and social skills. Some children who perform well in school may have “hidden” learning difficulties. Specialized evaluation of these children’s learning strengths and weaknesses will be critical to their development.

以下症状典型children with primary corpus callosum issues (without accompanying syndromes or problems with brain formation):

• Learning difficulties caused by cognitive disorders such as intellectual disability
• Problems with problem solving and abstract thinking
• Poor motor coordination
• Low muscle tone
• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
• Immaturity in social situations

The corpus callosum is structurally composed of four types of fibers known as commissural fibers, divided from anterior (front) to posterior (back) into:

• Rostrum
• Genu
• Body/trunk
• Splenium

The corpus callosum is the primary commissural region of the brain that stretches across the midline and connects the same cortical areas in the right and left hemispheres. The fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to one other form a brain structure that is visible on gross examination.

The length of the corpus callosum ranges about 10 cm with 200 to 300 million heavily myelinated axonal projections (neurons whose axons extend from the neuronal cell body within the central nervous system).

The primary function of the corpus callosum is to integrate information and process motor, sensory, and higher cognitive signals between our brain's two hemispheres.

Damage to the corpus callosum may result in cognitive and physical deficits. In most cases, injuries to the corpus callosum will resolve after a few months as the injury heals, but in some cases, the injury may be more serious.