Animals can carry germs that can spread diseases to humans, also known as zoonotic diseases, through direct or indirect contact.Here are 17 of the most common diseases humans can get from animals.
17 common diseases humans can get from animals
- Lyme disease:Lyme diseaseis the most common vector-borne disease in the United States, transmitted to humans when bitten by an infected tick. The causative bacterium is Borrelia burgdorferi and, rarely, Borrelia mayonii. Typical symptoms includefever,headache,fatigue, and a characteristic bullet-like skinrashcallederythema migrans. If left untreated, the infection can spread to the joints,heart, and nervous system.
- Gastroenteritis:The most common gastric infection associated withE. coli是由于一个刺激的压力uces Shiga toxin. Gastroenteritis is often a foodborne illness that spreads from eating uncooked meat of infected cows, goats, sheep, or deer. Symptoms of infection include watery orbloody diarrhea,fever, abdominalcramps,nausea, andvomiting. The illness tends to be especially severe in young children, causing acutedehydration,kidney failure, and even death.
- Rabies:Rabiesis an almost 100& fatal but preventable viral disease that can spread to humans when bitten or scratched by rabid animals (infecteddogs, bats, raccoons, skunks, and foxes). The rabies virus infects the central nervous system, and the infection cannot be treated. Symptoms include inability to swallow, hydrophobia (fear of water), excruciatingmuscle spasms, and convulsions. The first dose of the rabiesvaccineshould be given within 24 hours of the exposure.
- Rat bite fever:Rat bite fever is caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis, and symptoms include fever,chills, body ache,rash, andenlarged lymph nodes. Untreated rat bite fever may be fatal in rare cases due to complications such asendocarditis,septic shock, ormeningoencephalitis. Infection can occur through consumption of food or water contaminated with the urine and droppings of rodents carrying the bacteria.
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever(RMSF):RMSFis a bacterial disease that spreads through the bite of an infected tick. Most people who get sick with RMSF will have fever,headache,nausea,vomiting, and rash. RMSF can be deadly if not treated early with the right antibiotics.
- Cat scratch disease:This is a bacterial (Bartonella henselae) infection that is spread by cat scratches, cat bites, or even cat licks. Symptoms include fever,headache, poor appetite,lymph nodeenlargement, and exhaustion. Wounds may develop inflammation and pus formation.
- Psittacosis:Psittacosis is caused byChlamydiapsittaci and manifests asallergies, rash, or severe lung infection. It is spread from infected birds, particularly parrots.
- Brucellosis:Brucellosisis caused by a bacterium called Brucella and spread from infected farm animals (sheep, cattle, goats, and pigs) and pets (dogs). Typical symptoms include fever with chills, joint ache,headache,loss of appetite, andfatigue. Some individuals develop chronic diseases where the symptoms keep recurring. Complications include endocarditis (inflammation of the heart), epididymitis (testicular swelling),arthritis, ormeningitis(infection of membranes over the brain).Pregnantwomen, children, and immunocompromised are at a higher risk of complications.
- Pseudomembranouscolitis:Campylobacter jejuni causes an estimated 1.5 million illnesses each year in the United States, resulting in severediarrheaanddehydration. Many get infected with C. jejuni by eating raw or undercooked poultry, seafood, and meat cooked in unhygienic surroundings, as well as by drinking untreated water. Most people recover with rest, hydration, and antibiotic therapy.
- Q fever:Q fever is caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii and is asymptomatic in goats, sheep, and cattle. C. burnetii bacteria are often found in the placenta,amniotic fluid, urine, feces, and milk of infected animals. People can get infected bybreathingin dust contaminated by infected animal products. Symptoms includeflu, fever, chills,fatigue, andmuscle pain.
- Cysticercosis:Cysticercosisis a parasitic tissue infection caused by swallowing eggs found in the feces of a person who has an intestinal tapeworm. Eating undercooked pork can result in intestinal tapeworm if the pork contains larvalcysts.
- Tularemia:Tularemia is a disease that can infect animals and cause endocarditis,arthritis和热疲劳。蜱虫和鹿飞咬,skin contact with infected animals (especially rabbits), drinking contaminated water, and laboratory exposure may cause the disease to spread to humans.
- Salmonellosis:Salmonellosis is caused by bacteria belonging tosalmonella(Salmonellatyphimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, and Salmonella newport). These bacteria can cause high fever, enteric symptoms (stomach cramps, vomiting, anddiarrhea),jaundice, and gallbladder infection. It often spreads to humans from poultry (chicks, chickens, ducklings, ducks, geese, and turkeys).
- Toxoplasmosis:Toxoplasmosisis caused by a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii and is a leading cause of death attributed to foodborne illness in the United States. Although most people are symptomatic, women newly infected with T. gondii during or shortly beforepregnancyand anyone with a compromised immune system (HIV) can experience complications. Intrauterine infection by T. gondii in an unborn child can cause severe brain developmental anomalies and even intrauterine growth retardation. In immunocompromised people, it can cause meningoencephalitis.
- Bubonic plague:About 7 cases of bubonicplagueare reported in the United States every year. Fortunately, with the advent of antibiotics, the disease is completely curable. Symptoms include buboes (swollen lymph nodes) in the armpits and groins. High fever, loss of appetite, and episodes of profusesweatinghave been noted as well.
- Influenza:Swine flu(H1N1) andbird flu(H5N1) are among the types of flu (influenza) humans can get from animals. Symptoms include high fever,cough, and respiratory distress. These flus are of viral origin.
- Leptospirosis:Leptospirosisis caused by Leptospira (spirochetes) and often accompanies floods and water logging. It spreads when humans come in direct contact with the urine of infected rats and other rodents. Symptoms include high fever,conjunctivitis,liver, andkidney failure. If diagnosed in time, it can be treated with antibiotics and supportive therapy.
医学上了上4/19/2022
References
Image Source: iStock Images
https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/index.html
Complete List
Top What Diseases Can Humans Get From Animals Related Articles
Brucellosis
The bacteriaBrucellacauses brucellosis, an infectious zoonotic disease in humans. Symptoms and signs include fatigue, fever, sweating, and appetite loss. The preferred treatment is doxycycline and rifampin taken for 6-8 weeks.
Mono (Infectious Mononucleosis)
Infectious mononucleosis is a virus infection in which there is an increase of white blood cells that are mononuclear (with a single nucleus) "Mono" and "kissing disease" are popular terms for this very common illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
Lyme Disease
Lyme disease (borreliosis) is transmitted by the bite of a tick infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. After a bite, an expanding bulls-eye rash develops. Get the facts on chronic Lyme disease tests, symptoms, treatment, diagnosis, stages, and prevention. Plus, see pictures of the Lyme disease rash.
Lyme Disease Pictures
Lyme disease is transmitted through a bite from a specific type of tick. See a picture of Lyme Disease and learn more about the health topic.
Lyme Disease Slideshow
What is Lyme disease? Learn about symptoms and testing for Lyme disease, whether it is curable, and signs of Lyme disease caused by tick bites. See pictures of Lyme disease rashes and ticks that carry Lyme disease.
Lyme Disease Quiz
What you do not know about Lyme disease may surprise you. Learn the causes, symptoms, treatments, and complications of this arthritic condition with the Lyme Disease Quiz.
Rabies
Rabies is a viral disease that is transmitted via the bite of an infected animal. Symptoms include fever, headaches, and weakness. Treatment involves a series of injections: rabies immune globulin and four rabies vaccines administered over 2 weeks.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a tick-borne disease that causes symptoms and signs such as fever, rash, headache, and muscle aches. The antibiotic doxycycline is the standard treatment for Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
RMSF Slideshow
What are the symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever? This disease carried by ticks can cause a rash, and it can be fatal if not treated. See pictures of the symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever here.
What Are the Symptoms of Lyme Disease in Humans?
Lyme disease is an infection that is transmitted by ticks and is the most common vector-borne disease in the US. It is caused by infection with the spiral-shaped bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi or Borrelia mayonii (rarely) that resides in the stomach of the ticks. The infected ticks of the genus Ixodes, commonly called black-legged deer ticks, transmit this disease to humans via tick bites.