Myositismeans swelling and redness of the muscles.Weaknessis the dominant symptom of myositis. The symptoms of myositis usually develop gradually and may include:
- Difficulty in getting up from a chair
- Trouble in climbing stairs or lifting arms
- Tired feeling after standing andwalking
- Difficulty swallowingorbreathing
- Muscle painand soreness that seems to linger for a few weeks
- Elevations in muscle enzymes
- Fatigue(exhaustion)
- Frequent falls
- A general feeling of being unwell
- Weight loss
- A red or pinkrashpresent on the upper eyelids, face, and neck, and on the backs of the hands and fingers in a few cases of infectious myositis or autoimmune myositis
- Swelling of the affected skin
- Puffiness and purplish coloring around the eyes
Symptoms may vary according to the causes of myositis, which include:
Infectious myositis:的most common symptoms of infectious myositis is caused byfluor a virus and include:
- Highfever
- Severe swelling andpainover the affected muscle
- Inability to move the affected body part
- Chills
- Sore throat
- Cough
- Fatigue
- Runny nose
If infectious myositis is caused bytrichinosis, symptoms, along with the aforementioned ones, may also include:
良性的急性肌炎:Some of the most common symptoms include:
- Severeleg pain
- Trouble walking
- Fever
- Runny nose
- Sore throat
- Upper respiratory symptoms
Myositis ossificans:你可能会注意到一块在受影响的肌肉。的mass may hurt when you press it. It usually happens several weeks after a muscle injury orbruising.
Drug-induced myositis:的symptoms start as soon as you take a new drug or a combination ofdrugs. The symptoms include:
- Muscle soreness
- Pain
- Weakness
Apart from these symptoms, many other conditions that affect a myositis patient include:
- Inflammatoryarthritis(pain and swelling of joints that gets worse with inactivity)
- Interstitial lung disease(inflammatory lung disease, causingcoughandshortness of breath)
- Mechanic’s hands (thickening of the skin on the sides of the finger)
- Raynaud’s phenomenon (abrupt, episodic decrease in blood flow to one or several fingers causing discomfort in the fingers)
- Nail bed/cuticle inflammation (redness or pain along the nail beds)
Some other medical conditions that may have similar symptoms as myositis include:
- Lowvitamin Dlevels
- Hormonal disorders, such as overactive thyroid glands
- Infections
- Side effects of extremealcoholism
- Side effects of certain medications, such as steroids andstatins
- Abnormal calcium or magnesium level
- Muscle wasting
What are the different types of myositis?
Myositis means inflammation or redness of the muscle. The inflammation damages the fibers of a muscle. Damaging the fibers weakens them by interfering with the ability of the muscles to contract.
的different types of myositis include:
- Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies:的exact cause of this type of muscle inflammation is unknown (idiopathic). These may be seen if the body produces proteins against its own muscle cells. There are three types of idiopathic inflammatory myositis:
- Dermatomyositis
- Polymyositis
- Inclusion body myositis
- Infectious myositis:It sometimes occurs after an infection. Some of the common causes of infectious myositis include:
- Trichinosis (parasite)
- Staphylococcusbacteria
- Adenovirus
- Cytomegalovirus
- Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)
- 良性的急性肌炎:It generally occurs in children and occurs suddenly after flu or somerespiratory infection. Though the symptoms may be daunting, it usually disappears within a few days.
- Myositis ossificans:It is seen after atraumaor accident. In this type of muscle inflammation, a lump of bony material forms inside a muscle.
- Drug-induced myositis:In this type, muscle inflammation occurs as a side effect of a medication or a combination of medicines. It is most commonly seen after takingHIVdrugs or antiviral therapy.
IMAGES
EczemaBrowse our medical image collection of allergic skin disorders such as psoriasis and dermatitis and more caused by allergiesSee ImagesHow is myositis treated?
Treatment of myositis depends on the cause of the muscle inflammation.
- Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies:的physician usually begins treatment with:
- Corticosteroiddrugs such asprednisoneormethylprednisolone
- Immunosuppressant drugs such ascyclosporine,mycophenolate mofetil, orcyclophosphamidein severe cases
- Infectious myositis:的physician usually prescribes
- Antivirals to treat a viral infection.
- 抗真菌杀死trichinosis parasites.
- Antibiotics to treat bacterial infection.
- Plenty of rest and drink plenty of fluids.
- 良性的急性肌炎:的physician may prescribe pain killers to treat pain.
- Myositis ossificans:的physician may recommend surgery to remove the lump if it doesn’t disappear within few days.
- Drug-induced myositis:的physician will discontinue the drug, causing muscle inflammation.
References
https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/myositis-a-to-z
https://www.hss.edu/conditions_inflammatory-muscle-disorders-diagnosis-treatment.asp
https://www.hopkinsmyositis.org/myositis/
https://www.hss.edu/conditions_inflammatory-muscle-disorders-diagnosis-treatment.asp
https://www.hopkinsmyositis.org/myositis/
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