According to the Centers for Diseases andPrevention, adisability is a physical or mental condition (impairment) that makes it more difficult for a person to undertake specific activities(activity limitation) and interact with the environment around them (participation restrictions).
More than one in every four U.S. citizens aged 18 to 64 years has a disability. These people have significant difficulties, such as:
Individuals with impairments are three times more prone to sufferheart disease,stroke,diabetes, orcancerthan adults without disabilities.
Aerobic physicalexercisecan help minimize the effect of several chronic conditions. However, approximately half of all people with disabilities do not engage in any aerobic physical activity during their free time.
10 leading causes of disabilities
- Arthritis
- Arthritisis a condition where the multiple joints in the body swell and stiffen and causepainwith movement. Arthritis is the most common cause of disability where the person cannot walk or climb stairs without extra effort orpain.
- In severe arthritis cases, the movement of the joints is restricted, and the person will not be able to move the joints. Eventually, the person may depend on a wheelchair for locomotion.
- Arthritis is of various types depending on the factors that cause defects in the joints. Specific types of joints are affected by a certain type of arthritis. They include:
- Osteoarthritis:Caused by wear and tear of the cartilage in the joints.
- Rheumatoid arthritis:An autoimmune, inflammatory disease that causes inflammation and swelling of joints.
- Psoriatic arthritis:Joints are affected in people withpsoriasis.
- Juvenile arthritis:Inflammation and swelling of joints in children younger than 16 years of age.
- Back pain
- Back painis one of the most frequent medical issues, impacting 8 out of 10 people at some time in their lives.Back paincan range from a subtle, continuous aching to acute, stabbing pain.
- Acuteback painappears quickly and lasts for a few days to a few weeks.
- Chronic back painis defined as discomfort that lasts for more than three months.
- Most of the time, the pain is not caused by anything major and will go away on its own. The treatment for back pain is determined by the type of pain, location, and the cause. The options for treating back pain include:
- Back painis one of the most frequent medical issues, impacting 8 out of 10 people at some time in their lives.Back paincan range from a subtle, continuous aching to acute, stabbing pain.
- Ischemicheart disease
- Ischemicheart diseaseis also called coronaryheartdisease andcoronary artery disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, ischemic heart disease is the most frequent kind of heart disease in the United States. It is the most common cause of aheart attack.
- This condition is mostly caused by the accumulation ofcholesterolparticles in the circulation on the walls of the arteries that carry blood to the heart muscle. Plaques, which are deposits that develop over time, may form. Inflammation is the cause of these plaques.
- Breathlessness with exertion or at rest, leading to the inability to walk for prolonged hours, unable to lift heavy objects, andfatigueare some common abnormalities or disabilities seen in people with ischemic heart disease.
- Medications, lifestyle modifications, and surgery are the options to treat ischemic heart disease.
- Depression
- Depressionis one of the leading causes of disability globally.Depression, also called a major depressive disorder, is a mood illness that causes the person to feel unhappy or uninterested in life regularly.
- Most people experience sadness ordepressionat times. It is a natural reaction to loss or life's difficulties. When acute depression, including feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, and worthlessness, lasts for several days to weeks and prevents the person from living their life, it may be more thangrief.
- There is no complete cure for depression. The symptoms may fade over time, but the illness will not. However, with proper care and treatment, the person can achieve remission and live a long and healthy life.
- Cancer
- Canceris one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Cancer is a common word that refers to a wide range of illnesses that can affect any region of the body.Malignanttumors and neoplasms are other words for cancer.
- One distinguishing aspect of cancer is the fast formation of abnormal cells that do not function properly, and they expand beyond their normal borders. They can eventually infect neighboring sections of the body and migrate to other organs; this process is calledmetastasis. The leading cause of cancer disability is widespread metastasis.
- Stroke
- Strokeis the cause of long-term disability or permanent loss of function. The effects of astrokedepend on which part of the brain is damaged and the extent of the damage.
- The most prevalent kinds of impairment following a stroke include:
- Early treatment and rehabilitation following a stroke can increase recovery and allow many people to regain many abilities.
- Alzheimer’s
- Alzheimer’s is the most common cause ofdementia.Dementiarefers to a set of symptoms linked with a progressive deterioration in brain function. It has the potential to impair:
- Memory
- Reasoning skills
- Mental capacities
- The causes ofAlzheimer'sdisease are unknown although several factors are likely to raise the chances of having the condition. They include:
- Advancing age
- A family history of the condition
- Untreated depression (depression may be the cause of Alzheimer’s, but it is also a symptom of Alzheimer’s)
- Cardiovascular disease
- There is no cure for Alzheimer’s, but supportive treatment withdrugs, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychological support from family may help relieve some of the symptoms.
- Alzheimer’s is the most common cause ofdementia.Dementiarefers to a set of symptoms linked with a progressive deterioration in brain function. It has the potential to impair:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)
- COPDis a widespread, preventable, and curable chronic lung disease that affects all worldwide.
- COPDis sometimes called "emphysema" or "chronic bronchitis."
- Abnormalities in the tiny airways of the lungs restrict airflow. A variety of factors contribute to the narrowing of the airways. Parts of the lung may be destroyed,mucusmay obstruct the airways and the airway lining may be inflamed and swollen.
- COPD andasthmaare two different conditions that share symptoms, such ascough,wheezing, and trouble breathing, and people may suffer from both.
- Diabetes mellitus
- Diabetesmellitus is one of the most serious worldwide public health issues, placing a significant global burden on both public health and socioeconomic development. Although the incidence ofdiabeteshas begun to decline in certain nations, the prevalence of diabetes has climbed in most other industrialized and developing countries in recent decades.
- Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by the presence of high levels of blood glucose constantly. This leads to abnormalities in several organs, such as thecardiovascular system, kidneys, eyes, and nerves, causing disabilities.
- Early detection and timely treatment with appropriate medications may delay the damage to organs caused by high levels of glucose preventing mortality.
- Kidney diseases
- Over the last few decades, chronickidney disease(CKD) has become a global public health burden. Because CKD is irreversible, it worsens with time, and most patients advance toend-stage renal disease(ESRD) where the kidney functions cease. These persons often struggle withdialysis-related complications and other disabilities, impeding full-time work.
- Severe cases of CKD and ESRD require dialysis or kidney transplantation to prolong life expectancy. About 10 percent of the population globally is affected by CKD.
QUESTION
The termarthritisrefers to stiffness in the joints.See Answer
Medically Reviewed on4/20/2022
References
Image Source: iStock image
Council for Disability Awareness. Chances Of Disability. https://disabilitycanhappen.org/common-causes/
Griffin RM. Leading Causes of Disability. https://www.webmd.com/health-insurance/features/top-causes-disability
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disability and Health Related Conditions. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/relatedconditions.html
Council for Disability Awareness. Chances Of Disability. https://disabilitycanhappen.org/common-causes/
Griffin RM. Leading Causes of Disability. https://www.webmd.com/health-insurance/features/top-causes-disability
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disability and Health Related Conditions. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/relatedconditions.html
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