Side effects of Mirena
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A National Center for Health Statistics study found that most women who usebirth controlchose intrauterine devices (IUDs). TheMirenaIUDis one device that has become increasingly popular. However, before choosing an IUD, patients should talk to their doctors about the potential for life-threatening side effects. The common side effects of Mirena are:
- Uterine wall perforation while planting or removing the device
- Severe infection orsepsis
- Mood changes
- Breast tenderness
- Acne
- Headaches
- Irregular bleeding
- Pelvic pain
Serious side effects:
Mirena IUD can get expelled from the uterus, which increases the risk ofpregnancy. This may happen to any women; however, a few females are at a higher risk:
- Women who have previously expelled an IUD
- Females who are younger than 20 years
- Women who have prolonged or heavy period
- Women who have never beenpregnant
Pseudotumor cerebri:One of the lesser known but serious side effects of the Mirena IUD is pseudotumor cerebri or PTC. Pseudotumor cerebri, also known as intracranialhypertension, occurs when the pressure inside the skull increases for no obvious reason. Some of the symptoms of pseudotumor cerebri include:
- Dimmed orblurred vision
- Moderate to severeheadaches
- Aringing in the ears
- Difficulty seeing to the side
- Double vision
- Painin shoulder, back, and neck
- Seeing light flashes
Risk ofectopic pregnancy:One of the reported side effects of Mirena is the risk of anectopic pregnancy. This occurs when a fertilized egg implants in an area other than the uterine wall, such as the fallopian tubes, abdomen, cervix, or ovary. Common symptoms are:
- Lower back pain
- Pelvic pain
- Sudden, severeabdominal pain
- Cramping
- Abnormalvaginal bleeding
Pelvic inflammatory disease(PID):Another serious side effect that can occur with the use of Mirena ispelvic inflammatory disease(PID). If PID occurs because of Mirena, it typically develops within the first 20 days of insertion. PID is a bacterial infection that affects the reproductive organs, such as the uterus. If not treated promptly, women who contract PID may suffer frominfertility. With a severe case of PID, a patient may require surgery and may be at risk of death. Patients who have received the Mirena IUD should be observant for potential signs of a complication, which may include:
- Painduring intercourse
- Suddenweaknessor numbness
- Severe or abruptheadache
- Vision problems
- Confusion
- Jaundice
- Severe pain
- Dizziness
- Unusual or heavyvaginal discharge
- Indications of anallergic reaction(i.e.,hives, facial swelling, difficultybreathing)
Mirena crash:Mirena IUD releases a synthetic hormone (levonorgestrel) when it is in place. After the IUD is removed, it forces the body to begin production of the hormoneprogesteroneagain. However, it could take some time for the body to respond and begin producing adequate levels of progesterone. The sudden changes in hormones could be a factor in causing symptoms related to the Mirena crash. Common symptoms of the Mirena crash are:
- 无法sleepespecially during the night
- Vomitingornausea
- Hair loss
- Painful intercourse
- Fatigue
- Unexplainedweight gain
- Breast tenderness
- Migraines
- Decreased sex drive
- Lack of interest in normal activities
- Depression,anxiety,mood swings, irritability, orsuicidal thoughts
- Acne
- Difficulty maintaining relationships because of emotional side effects
- Stomach pain
Other reported side effects of Mirena IUD are:
- Large amounts of unexplainablehair lossor hair thinning
- Leg/arm painand numbness
- Serious bouts ofdepressionandsuicidalthoughts
- Acnein the vaginal area and in places where there was no history ofacneproblems.Cystic acneon the face, chest, back, etc.
- Palpitations
- Chest pain
- Repeatedbacterial infectionsin the vagina (bacterial vaginosis), which carries a distinct “rotten fish” smell
- Heavy discharge in the morning (described as “gushing” amounts of fluid)
- Mental fogginess
- Mood swings, short of temper
- Bloatingor weight gain
- Loss of sex drive
Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc. Mirena®. July 2018. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021225s019lbl.pdf
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