Rhubarb

Other Name(s):

Chinese Rhubarb, Da Huang, Garden Rhubarb, Himalayan Rhubarb, Indian Rhubarb, Medicinal Rhubarb, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Rewandchini, Rhei, Rhei Radix, Rheum australe, Rheum emodi, Rheum officinale, Rheum palmatum, Rheum tanguticum, Rhubarbe, Rhubarbe de Chine, Rhubarbe Indienne, Rhubarbe Médicinale, Rhubarbe Palmée, Rhubarbe Potagère, Rhubarbe Turque, Ruibarbo, Tai Huang, Turkey Rhubarb.

Overview

Rhubarb is a plant. The root and underground stem (rhizome) are used to make medicine.

Rhubarb is used primarily for digestive complaints including constipation, diarrhea,heartburn, stomach pain,gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding, and preparation for certain GI diagnostic procedures. Some people use rhubarb so they have to strain less during bowel movements; this reduces pain fromhemorrhoidsor tears in the skin lining the anal canal (anal fissures).

Rhubarb is sometimes applied to the skin to treat cold sores.

In food, rhubarb stems are eaten in pie and other recipes. Rhubarb is also used as a flavoring agent.

How does it work?

Rhubarb contains several chemicals which might help heal cold sores.

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Uses & Effectiveness

Possibly Effective for...

  • Stomach bleeding. Taking rhubarb by mouth as a powder or extract seems to help treat stomach bleeding.
  • Cold sores. Applying rhubarb along with sage toherpescold sores seems to improve healing. It might be as effective asacyclovir(Zovirax) cream.
  • Kidney failure. Most research suggests that taking rhubarb extract, with or without captopril, improves kidney function in people with kidney failure.

Insufficient Evidence to Rate Effectiveness for...

  • Constipation. Early research suggests that taking rhubarb and Glauber's salt mixture improves constipation.
  • Gum disease. Early research suggests that rinsing with a rhubarb extract can help treat gum disease.
  • Gonorrhea. Early research suggests that taking tablets that contain rhubarb extract might reduce symptoms ofgonorrhea.
  • High cholesterol. Early research suggests that taking rhubarb, alone or with water plantain, can reduce totalcholesteroland low-densitylipoprotein(LDLor "bad") cholesterol in people with high cholesterol.
  • Cancer affecting the area behind the nose (nasopharyngeal cancer). Early research suggests that taking a specific product containing rhubarb and other herbs (Shenlong) along withradiation therapydoes not improve healing in people with nasopharyngeal cancer.
  • Kidney disease (nephritic syndrome). Early research suggests that taking a combination of 10 herbs including rhubarb daily for 3 months might improve kidney function in people with glomerulonephritis.
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Early research suggests that taking a specific Chinese herbal medicine containing rhubarb, giant knotweed, dried green orange peel, and dried old orange peel (Danning Pian) might improve liver function in people with non-alcoholic fattyliver disease.
  • Obesity. Some early research suggests that taking rhubarb extract 1-3 times daily for up to 3 months might reduce body weight inobesepeople. However, other research shows that taking rhubarb with other herbs does not reduce weight.
  • High blood pressure during pregnancy. Early research shows that taking rhubarb extract daily starting 28 weeks into pregnancy and continuing until delivery can reduce the risk ofhigh blood pressureduring pregnancy.
  • Life-threatening infection (sepsis). Early research suggests that taking rhubarb powder along with standard treatments might help cure and reduce the risk of death from a life-threatening infection calledsepsis.
  • Recovery after surgery. Early research suggests that adding rhubarb to intravenous (IV)nutritionin people undergoing surgery for stomach cancer can improve recovery.
  • Indigestion.
  • Stomach pain.
  • Hemorrhoids.
  • Diarrhea.
  • Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of rhubarb for these uses.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate(detailed description of each of the ratings).

Side Effects

Rhubarb isLIKELY SAFEwhen the root is consumed as food. It isPOSSIBLY SAFEfor most adults when taken by mouth in medicinal amounts for up to 3 months.

Rhubarb can cause some side effects such as stomach and intestinal pain, watery diarrhea, and uterine contractions. Long-term use can result inmuscularweakness, bone loss,potassiumloss, and irregular heart rhythm.

有一个报告的人的肾功能衰竭took a product containing rhubarb. But it's not known for sure if rhubarb was the actual cause of kidney failure.

QUESTION

Ringworm is caused by a fungus.See Answer

Special Precautions & Warnings

Children: Rhubarb isPOSSIBLY UNSAFEfor children. There is one report of a 4-year-old who ate rhubarb leaves and died. Rhubarb leaves contain a lot of oxalic acid, which can be deadly if taken in large enough doses. Because of their small size, children are at highest risk for oxalicpoisoningafter eating rhubarb leaves.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Rhubarb isPOSSIBLY UNSAFEwhen used in amounts greater than those found in foods.

Diarrhea or constipation: Rhubarb can make diarrhea or constipation worse, depending on the preparation used.

Gastrointestinal (GI) conditions: Don't take rhubarb if you have a bowel obstruction;appendicitis; unexplained stomach pain; or inflammatory conditions of the intestines including Crohn's disease,colitis, andirritable bowel syndrome(IBS).

Kidney disease: There is a chemical in rhubarb that might harm the kidneys. In fact, a supplement that contained rhubarb has been linked to one report of kidney failure. If you already have kidney disease, don't risk making it worse by taking rhubarb.

Kidney stones: Rhubarb contains a chemical that the body can convert into kidney stones. If you have ever had kidney stones, don't take rhubarb.

Liver problems:大黄能使肝功能恶化who already have liver problems. People who have liver problems should avoid rhubarb.

Interactions


Digoxin (Lanoxin)Interaction Rating:ModerateBe cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Rhubarb is a type oflaxativecalled a stimulant laxative. Stimulant laxatives can decrease potassium levels in the body. Low potassium levels can increase the risk of side effects of digoxin (Lanoxin).


Medications for inflammation (Corticosteroids)Interaction Rating:ModerateBe cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Some medications for inflammation can decrease potassium in the body. Rhubarb is a type of laxative that might also decrease potassium in the body. Taking rhubarb along with some medications for inflammation might decrease potassium in the body too much.

Some medications for inflammation includedexamethasone(Decadron),hydrocortisone(Cortef), methylprednisolone (Medrol),prednisone(Deltasone), and others.


Medications taken by mouth (Oral drugs)Interaction Rating:ModerateBe cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Rhubarb is a laxative. Laxatives can decrease how much medicine your body absorbs. Decreasing how much medicine your body absorbs can decrease the effectiveness of your medication.


Medications that can harm the kidneys (Nephrotoxic drugs)Interaction Rating:ModerateBe cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Taking rhubarb might harm the kidneys in some people. Some medications can also harm the kidneys. Taking rhubarb with medications that can harm the kidneys might increase the chance of kidney damage.

Some of these medications that can harm the kidneys include cyclosporine (Neoral,Sandimmune); aminoglycosides including amikacin (Amikin), gentamicin (Garamycin,Gentak, others), and tobramycin (Nebcin, others); nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) includingibuprofen(Advil, Motrin, Nuprin, others), indomethacin (Indocin), naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox,Naprelan,Naprosyn), piroxicam (Feldene); and numerous others.


Medications that can harm the liver (Hepatotoxic drugs)Interaction Rating:ModerateBe cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Rhubarb might harm the liver. Taking rhubarb along with medication that might also harm the liver can increase the risk of liver damage. Do not take rhubarb if you are taking a medication that can harm the liver.

Some medications that can harm the liver include acarbose (Precose, Prandase), amiodarone (Cordarone), atorvastatin (Lipitor), azathioprine (Imuran), carbamazepine (Tegretol), cerivastatin (Baycol), diclofenac (Voltaren), felbamate (Felbatol),fenofibrate(Tricor), fluvastatin (Lescol), gemfibrozil (Lopid),isoniazid, itraconazole, (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), leflunomide (Arava), lovastatin (Mevacor), methotrexate (Rheumatrex), nevirapine (Viramune),niacin, nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin), pioglitazone (Actos), pravastatin (Pravachol),pyrazinamide, rifampin (Rifadin), ritonavir (Norvir), rosiglitazone (Avandia),simvastatin(Zocor), tacrine (Cognex),tamoxifen, terbinafine (Lamisil), valproic acid, and zileuton (Zyflo).


Stimulant laxativesInteraction Rating:ModerateBe cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Rhubarb is a type of laxative called a stimulant laxative. Stimulant laxativesspeedup the bowels. Taking rhubarb along with other stimulant laxatives could speed up the bowels too much and cause dehydration and low minerals in the body.

Some stimulant laxatives include bisacodyl (Correctol, Dulcolax), cascara, castor oil (Purge), senna (Senokot), and others.


Warfarin (Coumadin)Interaction Rating:ModerateBe cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Rhubarb can work as a laxative. In some people, rhubarb can cause diarrhea. Diarrhea can increase the effects of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding. If you take warfarin, do not take excessive amounts of rhubarb.


Water pills (Diuretic drugs)Interaction Rating:ModerateBe cautious with this combination.Talk with your health provider.

Rhubarb is a laxative. Some laxatives can decrease potassium in the body. "Water pills" can also decrease potassium in the body. Taking rhubarb along with "water pills" might decrease potassium in the body too much.

Some "water pills" that can decrease potassium include chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Thalitone),furosemide(Lasix), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDiuril,Microzide), and others.

Dosing

The following doses have been studied in scientific research:

APPLIED TO THE SKIN:

  • For treatment of cold sores: a cream containing 23 mg/grameach of rhubarb extract and sage extract applied every 2 to 4 hours while awake, with treatment starting within one day of symptom appearance and continuing for 10 to 14 days.

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