Respiratory failure:Inability of thelungsto perform their basic task of gas exchange, the transfer ofoxygenfrom inhaled air into thebloodand the transfer ofcarbon dioxidefrom the blood into exhaled air.Respiratory failureoccurs because of the failure of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxideintiny air sacs in the lung (alveoli), failure of thebraincenters thatcontrolbreathing, or failure of the muscles required to expand the lungs that can causerespiratory失败。许多不同的医疗条件s can lead to respiratory failure, including asthma, emphysema, chronic obstructive lung disease,surgery(on theabdomen, heart, or lungs), overdose of sleeping pills or other depressant drugs,premature birth, multiple physical injuries (as in auto accidents), extensive burns,muscledisease,nervedisease, profuse bleeding, near drowning, heart failure, severeinfection, and extreme obesity.
