对乙酰氨基酚是如何工作的呢?

Acetaminophenis ananalgesicandantipyreticdrug which is used to relievepainandfever. Acetaminophen blocks pain by inhibiting thesynthesisofprostaglandin, a naturalsubstance inthe body that initiatesinflammation. Acetaminophen reduces fever by acting on thehypothalamusregion of thebrainwhich regulatestemperature.

Acetaminophen is administered through the following routes for relief of mild to moderate pain and fever:

• Rectal:对乙酰氨基酚可能supposito管理ry inserted into therectumfor patients who are unable to take it orally.
• Oral: Oral acetaminophen comes in several forms such as tablets for swallowing, chewable or disintegrating tablets, capsules, syrups and solutions.
• Intravenous: IV acetaminophen is usually administered inhospitalsettings to achieve rapid paincontrol.

Side effects of acetaminophen may include:

Acetaminophen rectal

• Pruriticmaculopapularrash(itchy rash with redbumps)
• Urticaria(hives)
• Rectal discomfort
• Angioedema(swelling in thetissueunder theskinormucousmembranes)
• Increase inbilirubin,alkaline phosphataselevels
• Nephrotoxicity (toxicityto the kidneys withchronicoverdose)
• Analgesicnephropathy(kidneydamage from long-term analgesic use)
• Decrease inchloride,glucose, anduric acid
• Decrease inbicarbonate,sodium,calcium
• Laryngeal水肿(swelling of thelarynx)
• Reduced count levels of theimmunecells leading to conditions such as:
  • Agranulocytosis(lowgranulocytes, immune cells with granules)
  • Leukopenia(lowleukocytes)
  • Neutropenia(low neutrophils)
• Pancytopenia(decrease in all types ofbloodcells)
• Thrombocytopenia(decrease inplatelet count)
• Thrombocytopenicpurpura(easy bruising and bleeding due to thrombocytopenia)
• Anaphylaxis(severe hypersensitivity reaction)

Acetaminophen oral

• Angioedema
• Disorientation
• Dizziness
• Pruritic maculopapular rash
• Rash
• Hyperammonemia (increasedammonialevels in the blood)
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome(a rare medical emergency withflu-like symptoms and a painful rash)
• Toxicepidermalnecrolysis (a severe skinconditionwith widespread redness, skincelldeath, and exfoliation which can lead tosepsis)
• Urticaria
• Gastrointestinalhemorrhage
• Laryngeal edema
• Reducedblood countlevels such as:
  • Agranulocytosis
  • Leukopenia
  • Neutropenia
  • Pancytopenia
  • Thrombocytopenia
• Thrombocytopenic purpura
• Hepatotoxicity (toxicity to theliver)
• Liver failure
• Nephrotoxicity
• Pneumonitis (lung inflammation)
• Anaphylaxis

Acetaminophen IV

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Headache
• Insomnia
• Constipation
• Pruritus(itching)
• Agitation
• Atelectasis(partial or entire lung collapse)
• Pleural effusion(fluid collection aroundlungs)
• Pulmonary edema
• Stridor (whistling sound whilebreathing)
• Wheezing
• Edema
• Hypervolemia(too much fluid in the blood)
• Fatigue
• Reduced mineral levels in the blood such as:
  • Hypokalemia(lowpotassium)
  • Hypophosphatemia(lowphosphate)
  • Hypomagnesemia(lowmagnesium)
  • Hypoalbuminemia(lowalbumin)
• Elevated transaminase (liverenzyme) level
• Anemia
• Infusion site pain

Information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible side effects, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. Check with yourdoctororpharmacistto make sure these drugs do not cause any harm when you take them along with other medicines. Never stop taking yourmedicationand never change your dose or frequency without consulting your doctor.

Genericand brand names of acetaminophen include:

• Acephen
• acetaminophen
• acetaminophen IV
• acetaminophen rectal
• Adults' FeverAll
• FeverAll
• FeverAll Infants
• FeverAll Junior Strength
• Little Fevers Children's Fever/Pain Reliever
• Little FeversInfantFever/Pain Reliever
• Ofirmev
• PediaCare Single Dose Acetaminophen Fever Reducer/Pain Reliever
• Tylenol
• TylenolArthritisPain
• Tylenol Ext