How Do Other Analgesic Drugs Work?

Otheranalgesicdrugs include several types of medications that are not classified into any specific categories of analgesic drugs. Eachmedicationworksina different way to providepain救济(analgesia). The types of analgesic medications that are grouped under other analgesic drugs include:

• Acetaminophen
  • Rectal
  • Oral
  • Intravenous
• Pregabalin
• Milnacipran hydrochloride
• Ziconotideacetate

• Acetaminophen:对乙酰氨基酚是一种止痛剂antipyreticmedication used to relieve pain andfever. Acetaminophen blocks pain by inhibitingsynthesisofprostaglandin, a naturalsubstancein the body that initiatesinflammation. Acetaminophen reduces fever by acting on thehypothalamusregion of thebrain负责监管temperature.
• Pregabalin:Pregabalin is ananticonvulsantdrug used to treat seizures, and also pain fromnervedamage (neuropathy) andfibromyalgia. Pregabalin blocks pain transmission in the nerves by preventing the nerve cells (neurons) from releasing chemicals (neurotransmitters) that carry pain signals and conduct electrical activity in the brain.
• Milnacipran hydrochloride:Milnacipran is anantidepressantmedication known asserotonin-去甲肾上腺素reuptake抑制剂(去甲肾上腺素重摄取抑制剂)treatdepressionand fibromyalgia. Serotonin and norepinephrine are hormones involved in the modulation of mood and pain, and milnacipran increases their levels by inhibitingreabsorptionin the brain.
• Ziconotide acetate:Ziconotide is a non-opioidanalgesic that is administered as an injection into the spinal canal (intrathecal) to treatchronic painthat is not relieved by alternate medications. Ziconotide prevents transmission of pain through thespineby blockingcalciumchannels on neurons which enable conduction of nerve signals.

Side effects of otherophthalmicdrugs are unique to each drug. A few of themajorside effects include:

• Acetaminophen rectal
  • Pruriticmaculopapularrash(itchy flat lesions with raisedbumps)
  • Urticaria(hives)
  • Rectal discomfort
• Acetaminophen oral
  • Angioedema(swelling in thetissueunder theskinormucousmembranes)
  • Disorientation
  • Dizziness
• Acetaminophen IV
  • Nauseaand vomiting
  • Headache
  • Insomnia
• Pregabalin
  • Dizziness
  • Drowsiness (somnolence)
  • Peripheraledema
• Milnacipran hydrochloride
  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Constipation
• Ziconotide acetate
  • Nausea
  • Weakness and lack of energy (asthenia)
  • Diarrhea

Information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible side effects, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. Check with yourdoctororpharmacistto make sure these drugs do not cause any harm when you take them along with other medicines. Never stop taking your medication and never change your dose or frequency without consulting your doctor.

Genericand brand names of other analgesic drugs include:

• Acephen
• acetaminophen
• acetaminophen IV
• acetaminophen rectal
• Adults' FeverAll
• FeverAll
• FeverAll Infants
• FeverAll Junior Strength
• Little Fevers Children's Fever/Pain Reliever
• Little FeversInfantFever/Pain Reliever
• Lyrica
• Lyrica CR
• milnacipran
• Ofirmev
• PediaCare Single Dose Acetaminophen Fever Reducer/Pain Reliever
• pregabalin
• Prialt
• Savella
• Tylenol
• TylenolArthritisPain
• Tylenol Ext
• ziconotide