What is emphysema vs. COPD?
Emphysemaandchronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) both refer to a group of long-standing lung conditions that can makebreathing困难。这两个条件通常发展p in people over 40 years old. NeitherCOPDoremphysemahave a cure, but early action and treatments can improve breathing and overall quality of life.
To understand the relationship between emphysema andCOPD,最好知道的部分lungsthey affect.
Your lungs are filled with a system ofairwaytubes. Larger tubes at the top, called bronchi, split into smaller tubes calledbronchioles, which carry air inside and out. Tiny air sacs, called alveoli, sit at the ends of the bronchioles. When you inhale, alveoli expand to help transport oxygen into your blood, and when you exhale, they contract to let out carbon dioxide.
What is emphysema?
Emphysema is a subtype of COPD that has to do with the shape of the alveoli and bronchioles. With emphysema, your bronchioles and alveoli are damaged, and have trouble efficiently pushing out all the air you breathe in. The bronchioles expand as you inhale but contract too much when you exhale, so not enough air gets out. This makes breathing difficult.
The alveoli also lose their shape and stretchiness — they can get larger and trap air inside your lungs so that you can’t breathe out fast enough. Damaged alveoli also lose their ability to transport oxygen into your body.
What is COPD?
COPD is an umbrella term for a group of lung conditions that involve breathing difficulty and decreased lung function over time. The two main types of COPD, emphysema andchronic bronchitis, can occur independently or together.Bronchitisrefers to inflammation, swelling, andmucusblockage of the bronchi and bronchioles, while emphysema refers to the structural damage of alveoli and bronchioles themselves.
What are symptoms and signs of emphysema vs. COPD?
If you have emphysema, you have COPD — but the two conditions aren’t the same. COPD encompasses more lung conditions than just emphysema.
Symptoms of emphysema
Emphysema can have a variety of symptoms related to breathing difficulty. These symptoms include:
- Cough
- Barrel-shaped chest
- Shortness of breath, especially duringexerciseor physical activity
- Weight loss
- Wheezing
- Tiredness
- Breathing with pursed lips
- Anxietyanddepression
Symptoms of COPD
Othersymptoms of COPDcome from chronicbronchitis. Chronicbronchitisshares some characteristics with emphysema, but has a few different symptoms:
What are causes of emphysema vs. COPD?
Repeated, long-lasting exposure tocigarettesmoke and other harmful chemicals causes both emphysema and COPD.
Causes of emphysema
The most common cause of emphysema issmokingcigarettes. Over time, cigarette smoke destroys the smaller ridges and chambers inside the alveoli that manage oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. Cigarette smoke also reduces the alveoli’s stretchiness, making it harder to breathe out fully.
Less common causes of emphysema include repeated exposure tosecondhand smoke(being close to people who aresmoking), breathing in polluted air, and breathing in toxic gases or dust — often in the workplace.
Causes of COPD
Like emphysema,smokingcigarettes is the leading cause of other illnesses under the category of COPD. Chronic bronchitis can also stem from exposure to irritating chemicals and pollutants. If you had a lot of respiratory infections during childhood, you may also be at higher risk of developing COPD.
A rare genetic condition that runs in families makes some people more likely to develop COPD.
SLIDESHOW
See SlideshowHow to diagnose emphysema vs. COPD
Diagnosing emphysema and COPD are similar processes.
Diagnosing emphysema
A doctor can perform a few examinations specific to emphysema. This could include measuring the size and shape of your chest, achest X-ray, orCT scan.
Diagnosing COPD
Most of the tests and processes that diagnose emphysema also diagnose COPD. A doctor will likely ask you about your symptoms, personal and family medical history, medications you take, and if you smoke.
Your doctor may also perform some physical tests. These could include:
- Measuring how much air you breathe out with special machines, also known asspirometry
- Examining your fingers and lips for blue discoloration, which indicates low oxygen levels
- Listening to yourheartand lungs with a stethoscope
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Treatments for emphysema vs. COPD
Emphysema and other COPD-related illnesses usually require similar treatments.
Treatments for emphysema
Lung reduction surgery can help address lung swelling and growth as a result of emphysema. Although rare, serious side effects from this type of surgery can includeheart attack, infection, and death.
Treatments for COPD
Treatments for multiple types of COPD, including emphysema, can include:
- Vaccination for thefluandpneumonia
- Quitting smoking
- Medicines likebronchodilators
- Inhaled steroids
- Oxygen therapy
- Antibiotics
Health SolutionsFrom Our Sponsors
American Lung Association: “COPD Causes and Risk Factors.”
American Lung Association: “Emphysema.”
American Lung Association: “Lung Reduction Volume Surgery.”
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine:“Work-related COPD after years of occupational exposure.”
Chest Foundation: “Emphysema.”
COPD Foundation: “How is COPD Diagnosed?”
Fairview Health Services: “What Is Emphysema?”
Harvard Health Publishing: “Emphysema.”
Johns Hopkins Medicine: “Chronic Bronchitis.”
Johns Hopkins Medicine: “Pulmonary Emphysema.”
Medscape: “Which characteristics differentiate chronic bronchitis and emphysema in patients presenting with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?”
My Lungs My Life: “Smoking and Emphysema.”
National Cancer Institute: “alveoli.”
National Emphysema Foundation: “Genetic Condition May Be Undiagnosed in COPD Patients.”
Stanford Healthcare: “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).”
你能有肺气肿没有COPD相关的基于“增大化现实”技术ticles
acetylcysteine
Acetylcysteine, a mucolytic agent, is used to treat pulmonary diseases like chronic emphysema, asthmatic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and acute pneumonia. Acetylcysteine breaks up mucus and makes it easier to cough up and clear the lungs. Common side effects include bronchospasm, odor, drowsiness, fever, coughing up blood (hemoptysis), increased volume of bronchial secretions, irritation of tracheal or bronchial tract, nausea, and others. Do not use if you have acute asthma. Consult your doctor if you have a history of bronchospasm, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil)
Albuterol is a drug used for the prevention and relief of bronchospasm in individuals with asthma, exercise-induced asthma, emphysema, or chronic bronchitis. Drug interactions include tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), and beta blockers. Side effects include tremors, headaches, palpitations, and more. Consult your doctor if pregnant or breastfeeding.albuterol and ipratropium inhaler (Combivent Respimat)
Albuterol and ipratropium inhaler (Combivent [discontinued], Combivent Respimat) is prescribed for the treatment of bronchospasm or narrowing of the airways caused by emphysema or bronchitis in individuals who require a second bronchodilator. Side effects, drug interactions, warnings and precautions, and pregnancy safety should be reviewed prior to taking this drug.Can People With COPD Get Better?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not curable in any stage of the disease. With early diagnosis and treatment, disease progression and flare-ups can be controlled.Can Someone with COPD Still Have Sex?
COPD is a condition that leads to blockage of the airway. COPD may lead to sexual dysfunction, but you can still have sex with COPD.cefuroxime
Cefuroxime is an antibiotic used to treat infections of the middle ear, sinuses, skin, tonsils, and throat, and to treat laryngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, COPD, and early Lyme disease. Common side effects of cefuroxime include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, rash, hives, vaginitis, and mouth ulcers.COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
COPD or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a lung condition caused by smoking tobacco, exposure to secondhand smoke, and/or air pollutants. Conditions that accompany COPD include chronic bronchitis, chronic cough, and emphysema.Symptoms of COPD include shortness of breath, wheezing, and chronic cough. Treatment of COPD includes GOLD guidelines, smoking cessation, medications, and surgery. The life expectancy of a person with COPD depends on the stage of the disease.
COPD Quiz
COPD is a combination of three conditions? Take this quiz to learn the three conditions that make up the pulmonary disease called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).COPD Lung Symptoms
COPD is a pulmonary disorder caused by obstructions in the airways of the lungs leading to breathing problems. Learn about COPD symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.COPD vs. Asthma (Differences and Similarities)
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and asthma both have common symptoms like coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and a tight feeling in the chest. COPD is caused by tobacco smoking, while asthma is caused by your inherited genetic makeup and their interactions with the environment. Risk factors for asthma are obesity, exposure to cigarette smoke (even secondhand smoke), and personal history of hay fever. There is no cure for either disease, but symptoms can be managed with medication. A person with asthma has a better prognosis and life expectancy than someone with COPD.COPD vs. Emphysema
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is the term doctors and other healthcare professionals use to describe a group of serious, progressive (worsens over time), chronic lung diseases that include emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and sometimes asthma. The number one cause of COPD or emphysema, is smoking, and smoking is the third leading cause of death in the US.Emphysema
Emphysema is a COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) that often occurs with other obstructive pulmonary problems and chronic bronchitis. Causes of emphysema include chronic cigarette smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, air pollution, and in the underdeveloped parts of the world. Symptoms of emphysema include chronic cough, chest discomfort, breathlessness, and wheezing. Treatments include medication and lifestyle changes.Emphysema, Chronic Bronchitis, and Colds
If you have a COPD such as emphysema, avoiding chronic bronchitis and colds is important to avoid a more severe respiratory infection such as pneumonia. Avoiding cigarette smoking, practice good hygeine, stay away from crowds, and alerting your healthcare provider if you have a sinus infection or cold or cough that becomes worse. Treatment options depend upon the severity of the emphysema, bronchitis, or cold combination.Exercises for COPD
The more you exercise, the better you'll feel with COPD. Breathe easier with these 10 exercises from WebMD.ipratropium bromide inhaler
Ipratropium bromide inhaler is a medication prescribed for the treatment of allergic or nonallergic rhinitis and rhinitis due to the common cold. Oral ipratropium is prescribed for the treatment of acute asthma flares and bronchospasms that result from COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and emphysema. The most common side effects associated with ipratropium are dry mouth, cough, headache, nausea, dizziness, and difficulty breathing.What are the First Symptoms of Emphysema?
Emphysema is a chronic lung disease that makes breathing difficult. Learn about the early warning signs of emphysema, emphysema symptoms, what causes it, how doctors diagnose it, and your options for treatment.What are the Four Stages of COPD?
慢性阻塞性肺病(慢性阻塞性肺病)group of diseases that cause an inflammatory reaction and irreversible damage in the lungs. The result is obstruction of normal airflow and breathing difficulties. COPD is a lifelong condition with periods of flare ups, and is not curable in any stage of the disease. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the most common diseases that make up COPD.What Is the Life Expectancy of Someone With COPD?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of diseases with the chief symptom of breathlessness and cough. COPD is a slowly progressive disease. Depending on the disease severity, the five-year life expectancy for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ranges from 40%-70%. That means 40-70 out of 100 people will be alive after five years of diagnosis of COPD.