Things to know about birth control
- Birth controlmethods can be broadly classified into barrier methods (that prevent sperm cells from reaching the egg), methods that preventovulationsuch as thebirth control pill, and methods that allowfertilization蛋,但防止植入的fertilized egg inside the uterus (womb) such as theIUD(intrauterine device).
- Condoms and diaphragms are examples of barrier birth control methods.
- Birth control pillsare an example of a hormonal birth control method that prevents ovulation.
- The decision about what kind of birth control option to use is extremely personal, and there is no single choice that is safest or best for all women or couples.
- A woman should carefully weigh the risks and benefits, along with the effectiveness of each method before choosing a birth control method. A thorough and open discussion with a health care professional can help in this decision process.
- Different forms of birth control have different side effects and risk profiles.
- The choice of the birth control method depends on many factors, such as the desire for reversible birth control (preserving futurefertility) or permanent birth control methods (surgical sterilization). Some birth control methods, such as barrier methods, may offer some protection againstsexually transmitted diseases(STDs), while most methods do not.
- No method of birth control is 100% effective in preventingSTDs.
- Some birth control methods have higher effectiveness rates than others, but no method of birth control is 100% effective in every case.
What is birth control, and how does it work?
Birth control works to preventpregnancyin different ways.
- Hormonal birth control methods work by preventing ovulation so that a woman is temporarilyinfertile.
- Barrier methods of birth controlprevent the man's sperm from reaching an egg.
- Barrier methods include:
- diaphragms,
- condoms, and
- cervical caps.
- Spermicide is a chemical that destroys sperm to prevent them from reaching the egg.
- Birth control methods such as intrauterine devices work by preventing a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterus and causing apregnancy.
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QUESTION
Which of the following are methods for contraception?See AnswerHow long does it take for birth control to begin working?
- Some kinds of birth control start to work with the first use, such as barrier methods.
- Hormonal methods of birth controlsuch as pills, implants, or the patch may not begin working immediately.
- Their effectiveness depends upon the time in your monthly cycle when you begin using the contraception.
- Sometimes it is recommended that women use an alternate method of contraception for the first week after beginningthe pillor hormonal contraception.
Can you get pregnant on birth control?
There is no form of birth control that is 100% effective, so it is possible to getpregnantwhile using most types of birth control. However, many types of birth control, when used correctly, are highly effective in preventing pregnancy. For example, the birth control pill is over 99% effective in preventing pregnancy when taken correctly. For all forms of birth control, it is important to have a basic understanding of how they work and how to use them correctly.
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What are the different types of birth control available?
Types of birth control methods include options that prevent sperm from reaching an egg, known as barrier methods, methods that prevent ovulation, and methods that prevent implantation of a fertilized egg into the uterus. Permanent methods (surgical sterilization) are also available for those who no longer desire to have children.
Types of birth control
Hormonal birth control methods include:
- Birth control pills
- Hormonal patches
- Birth control implants
- Vaginal ring
Barrier birth control methods include:
- Diaphragms
- Condoms
- Cervical caps
- Spermicides
Natural birth control methods include the use of:
- Ovulation test kits
- Cervicalmucusexamination
- Tracking menstrual cycles (rhythm method)
Other types of birth control options include:
- Intrauterine devices
- Emergency contraception“早晨”药片
Surgical sterilization methods for birth control include:
- Tubal ligation("tubes tied")
- Vasectomy
Hormonal birth control (birth control pills) types and side effects
Hormonal options of birth control involve the use of hormones to prevent ovulation in a woman. Although oral contraceptive pills are the most widely used hormonal method, other options are available including the vaginal ring, hormone patches applied to the skin, and injections of progestin (birth control shot).
Common side effects of birth control pills
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Weight gain
- Skin discoloration
- Acne
- Bleeding between periods orspotting
- Mood swings
- Change in menstrual flow
- Breast swellingor tenderness
心attacks,blood clots, andstrokesare potential and serious complications oforal contraceptives.
Cigarette smokingincreases the risk of these complications. This risk is greatest in women over 35 who are heavysmokers(>15 cigarettes/day). Your health-care professional l usually will recommend that youquit smokingif you use birth control pills.
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Barrier methods of birth control (including condoms) types and side effects
Barrier options prevent fertilization of the egg by a sperm cell. These either prevent contact between egg and sperm via a physical block or kill sperm cells before they can fertilize an egg. Examples of physical barrier contraceptives include the diaphragm, condoms, and thecervical capor shield.
Contraceptive sponges contain a spermicide cream to kill sperm cells, and other forms of spermicides are available as well. Spermicides may be used in combination with barrier methods for greater effectiveness.
Side effects of barrier methods of birth control
Side effects of barrier methods of birth control can include:
- An increased risk of developingurinary tract infections(UTIs) if using a diaphragm and spermicide.
- Leaving a diaphragm or cervical cap in for longer than 24 hours increases your risk fortoxic shock syndrome.
- Some people may haveallergiesto the chemicals used in spermicide creams or other spermicide products. They may develop irritation of the vagina or penis.
One of the advantages of the use of barrier methods is that they can decrease the risk of sexually transmitted diseases (especially properly used condoms). None of them eliminates this risk.
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Surgical sterilization (tubal ligation or vasectomy) side effects and risks
Surgical sterilization is a form of permanent birth control that is available for both women (tubal ligation) and men (vasectomy). Sterilization implants (a small coil is inserted into the fallopian tubes to block them) are a more recent type of permanent birth control that is available for women that allow women to avoid the surgical procedure associated with tubal ligation.
What are the risks of a vasectomy or tubal ligation?
Although women who have had tubal ligation do not have side effects after recovering from the procedure, any surgery itself carries a small risk of infection or bleeding as well as complications from the anesthetic agents.
Likewise, the vasectomy procedure is associated with small risks from the procedure as well as some swelling andpainin the days following the procedure. For some time post-vasectomy, a man can still befertileand it is usually recommended that a barrier method or other birth control method is used for 10-12 weeks or 15 to 20 ejaculations post-procedure.
Natural birth control methods
Natural methods involve tracking a woman's menstrual cycle to try to determine when ovulation is most likely to occur and avoiding sexual intercourse (or using barrier contraceptives) during that time. There are different ways to detect ovulation, including the basal body temperature method (ovulation causes a slight increase in basal body temperature) and the use of home ovulation test kits. Checking and recording the consistency of cervical mucus is another way to help determine when ovulation occurs.
These methods tend to be the least successful methods as they require discipline in recording and tracking and understanding the results.
Emergency contraception types and side effects
Emergency contraception is a medication or device used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse has occurred. Emergency hormonal contraceptives are sometimes known as "morning-after" pills. Thesedrugsprevent pregnancy if taken within 72 hours after intercourse. This is also known as emergency contraception. Insertion of a copper intrauterine device (IUD) is also an effective method of emergency contraception.
Side effects of emergency contraception (morning after pill)
Side effects of emergency contraception or "morning after" pills can include
IUDs (intrauterine devices) side effects
IUDs or intrauterine devices are implantable devices that create an environment in the lining tissues of the womb that is unfavorable for the implantation of a fertilized egg.
Side effects of IUDs depend on the type of IUD being used.
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An IUD (intrauterine device) is a birth control method designed for a woman. The IUD is a small "T" made of molded polyethylene plastic coated with barium so that, if need be, it can be seen on X-ray.
有两种类型的iud 1)子宫内的魂斗罗ceptive device (IUCD) including the ParaGard, Copper 7, and Mini-7; and 2) Intrauterine system (IUS) including Progestasert and Mirena.
Side effects of the IUD include spotting, infection, infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, and heavy menstrual bleeding. Risks and complications of the IUD are miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, and increased menstrual bleeding.
Natural Birth Control
Natural methods of contraception are considered "natural" because they are non-mechanical and non-hormonal. Fertility awareness methods (FAMs) are based upon knowing when a woman ovulates each month. Natural methods of birth control include: the calendar rhythm, basal body temperature, mucus inspection, symptothermal, use of an ovulation indicator testing kit, withdrawal, lactational infertility, douching and urination, and abstinence.Benefits of Sex
How would you like a stronger immune system or better sleep? Action between the sheets can help you get all of this and more. Read on to discover the surprising health benefits of sex.Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
Common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in women include gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes, and HPV infection (genital warts). Learn about types, symptoms, and treatment.Spotting vs. Period
Menstruation (a female's "period") occurs due to the shedding of the lining of the uterus. Menstrual bleeding lasts about three to five days, and the bleeding is heavy the first couple of days and then it lessens. Spotting is vaginal bleeding between periods.STD Quiz
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Symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in men include painful urination, bumps or sores on the penis, and penile discharge and itching. Learn about the most common STDs in men.STDs Facts Slideshow
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Surgical sterilization is considered a permanent method of contraception. In certain cases, sterilization can be reversed, but this is not guaranteed. For this reason, sterilization is meant for men and women who do not intend to have children in the future. Types of surgical sterilization include: vasectomy, tubal ligation, STOP (selective tubal occlusion procedure), and hysterectomy.Thrush (Oral Candidiasis)
Thrush is an infection of the mouth caused by theCandidafungus. Symptoms of thrush include pain or difficulty swallowing, a feeling that food gets stuck in the throat, and fever. Treatment of thrush depends on the cause and severity of the infection. Infants, toddlers, and children with thrush often do not require treatment.Triglycerides (Tests and Lowering Your Triglyceride Levels)
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Condoms are a popular method of birth control. If used correctly, there's about a 2 percent risk of becoming pregnant while using a condom, but it's a good idea to use another method of birth control along with it. Condoms are probably the most effective means for preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), as long as they are used correctly during sex.